Institute of Spring Technology
Registered Office: Henry Street, Sheffield. S3 7EQ. UK.
Tel: +44 (0)114 276 0771 Fax: +44 (0)114 252 7997 E-mail: ist@ist.org.uk
Registration No. 3305326 VAT No. 690 0145 57 Registered in England

 


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Spring Material Selection &
Basic Spring Design

23rd, 24th & 25th September 2008

ATTEND EITHER OR BOTH COURSES

DAY ONE & TWO - MATERIAL SELECTION

Providing considerable information about the properties of spring materials and the logic behind the criteria for their selection to ensure suitability for an intended purpose.

Covering all the common spring materials together with some of the more specialised “exotic” grades, providing information on chemical composition, static and dynamic performance, heat treatment requirements and other properties appropriate to spring applications.

Suited both to newcomers into the spring industry and those seeking a ‘refresher’ that will help them to make optimum selection of spring materials.  The course is also valuable to material suppliers enabling them to advise their customers about correct material selection for specific applications.  Some important aspects of basic metallurgy will be covered in the course, since this will assist with a more complete understanding of the principles of spring materials selection.

Drawing heavily upon our in-house data bank of information on spring materials and their properties, as well as our knowledge of the development of spring materials around the world.

DAY THREE - BASIC SPRING DESIGN

Providing a programme that looks at the basic elements of material selection and spring design. This course will incorporate a large amount of practical exercises where delegates will be able to design a spring with the assistance of the course tutor and experience first hand the pit falls of spring design. Other practical exercises will involve using our range of spring testing machines to determine the load and rate values of a number of springs.

Learning how to establish which material is best for which spring type and why, and how each spring parameter (wire size, active coils, spring diameter etc), influences a springs load at length.

Ideally suited for the machine setters and operators by providing them with a basic understanding of spring design. 

More advanced Spring Designing Training Courses are offered by the Institute. Delegates do the Basic Spring Design in isolation or then go on to complete the more advanced courses.

COSTS (Excluding VAT):
ONE DAY £210.00 Member / £280.00 Non Member - Basic Spring Design Only
TWO DAYS £375.00 Member / £490.00 Non Member - Material Selection Only
ALL THREE DAYS £500.00 Member / £650.00 Non Member - Material Selection & Basic Spring Design

COURSE SYLLABUS

DAY ONE & TWO - MATERIAL SELECTION

DAY ONE

10.15 Coffee & Registration

10.30 General Properties of Spring Materials
Hookes law
Strength & elastic limit
Tensile test demonstration
Resistance to – relaxation
- fatigue
- corrosion

12.00 Introduction to IST’s Spring Materials Database
Wire, Strip and Bar Spring Materials

12.30 Lunch

13.30 Basic Ferrous Metallurgy
Fe-C & TTT diagrams
Cold work
Heat treatment

14.30 Optical Metallography Demonstration
Showing the appearance of pearlite,
Bainite, tempered martensite and drawn austenitic microstructures, and some of the faults that may occur

15.30 Material Selection for Static Applications
Safe design stresses
Moduli, E and G
Prestressing
Formability and bend radii

16.30 Coilability
Fracmat for wire

DAY TWO
 
09.00 Springmaking Processes and Residual Stress
Coiling/bending
Stress relief
Grinding
Shot peening
Prestressing

09.30 Material Selection for long term or high temperature applications
Relaxation

10.00 Material Selection for dynamic applications
Fatigue

11.00 Material Selection for Springs in Corrosive Conditions
Theory
Practice - salt spray, humidity testing
Corrosion Protection vs Selection of corrosion resistant materials

12.00 Special Properties
Electrical, constant modulus, density

12.30 Lunch

13.30 Spring Materials and their Specifications
Carbon steels
Low alloy steels
Stainless steels
Copper alloys
Nickel alloys
Titanium alloys
Newly developed materials

14.30 Information needed to select the optimum spring material

15.00 Practical exercises in material selection
Use of specifications
Use of IST ’s database

16.15 Course Recap

DAY THREE - BASIC SPRING DESIGN

DAY THREE

09.15 Registration & Coffee

09.30 Introduction to the Course

09.35 Static Properties of Spring Materials
Tensile strength & hardness
Elastic moduli
Allowable static stresses
Prestressing

Relaxation Performance of Spring Materials
Elevated temperature operation
Stress vs time vs temperature
Maximum allowable temperature
Hot prestressing/hot setting

Fatigue Properties of Spring Materials
Fatigue mechanism
Factors influencing fatigue
Shot peening
Design data for fatigue

Corrosion Properties
Intrinsic properties
Coatings

Spring Materials Specifications
Available range of materials
Common specifications
DAY THREE Continued..

11.00 Compression Spring Design
Standards
Spring end type
Number of coils relationships
Solid length
Design formulae for spring rate
Theoretical vs actual load / deflection line
Residual range

12.30 Lunch

13.30 Compression Spring Design Cont.
Design formula for stress
Curvature correction factor
Allowable design stresses and prestressing  

14.00 Extension Spring Design
Initial tension
Load deflection of characteristics
Hook Types
Standards
Design formulae for rate & stress
Effect of LTHT

15.30 Torsion Spring Design
Leg forms
Method of operation
Dimensional changes
Specification of angular relationship of legs
Design formulae for rate & stress
Allowable stresses

16.45 Conclusion



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